This video dives into what we mean when we use the term "invasive species". All rights reserved to the National Parks Service, US.
Invasive Species
An invasive species refers to a non-native organism, such as a plant, animal, or microorganism, that is introduced to a new ecosystem or environment and causes significant harm to the native species, ecosystem balance, economy, or human health. These species often have the ability to spread rapidly and outcompete native species for resources, leading to disruptions in the local ecosystem.
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What kinds of invasive species might you know about?
The Story of the Japanese Beetle
The Japanese beetle, originally from the main islands of Japan, made its debut in North America in 1916. Its presence in Canada was first recorded in 1939 when it was discovered in a tourist's car at Yarmouth, having arrived in Nova Scotia via ferry from Maine. Despite efforts to implement treatment programs, this pest has proven resilient.
They measure approximately 13 mm long and are readily distinguishable due to their vibrant metallic green head and thorax. Their wings display a metallic brown to copper coloration with hints of green along the edges. Along both sides of their abdomen, they bear six clusters of white hairs, which serve as further identifying characteristics.
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You can find more information about the Japanese Beetle and how to prevent their spread here: https://inspection.canada.ca/plant-health/invasive-species/insects/japanese-beetle/fact-sheet/eng/1328165101975/1328165185309
A Different Kind of Life Cycle
The larval phase of the Japanese beetle, when they feed on the fibrous roots of grasses, turns this stage into a damaging pest for turf (the surface layer of earth held together by its roots). This feeding behavior leads to harmful consequences as the injured turf first displays wilting and yellowing, primarily occurring in the months of August and September.
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Adult Japanese beetles do not directly harm turf and instead focus their feeding on foliage and fruit.
Lifecycle illustration by Oregon Department of Agriculture, Thomas Shahan
How can we prevent the Japanese Beetle from eating our Garden?
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We can mitigate grub and adult Japanese beetle growth by incorporating proper lawn care, monitoring, and using biological controls like beneficial nematodes (round worms that like to munch on grubs).
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We can also encourage natural predators, use physical barriers, and trap plants. Timely action and community involvement bolster effectiveness.
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Complete eradication might be challenging, but a well-rounded approach can significantly minimize their impact on your lawn and garden.
The skeletal remains of this leaf depicts the damage that these invasive species are capable of. Can you see the culprit in the photo?